FBS test

Blood Sugar Fasting (FBS) Test Overview

Blood sugar fasting test measures blood sugar after an overnight fast (not eating). Blood glucose (sugar) is derived from food and it is the main source of energy.   If a person has high blood glucose level then this condition is known as diabetes while if it is low it is known as hypoglycemia.
Diabetic patients should monitor their glucose or HbA1c levels regularly to evaluate control of blood glucose in body.
Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time.
Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased appetite. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many health complications.

Food is the primary energy source for humans and can also lead to abnormal blood glucose levels. High glucose levels are referred to as diabetes, while lower levels are known as hypoglycemia. Diabetic patients must monitor their HbA1c or glucose levels regularly to ensure they are properly controlled. Diabetes mellitus, or simply diabetes, is a cluster of metabolic conditions where blood sugar remains elevated (hyperglycemia) for extended periods. Its common symptoms include excessive urination, excessive thirst and increased hunger. If left untreated, this condition can cause several health issues.

Who should do the glucose plasma test?

The glucose plasma test is typically recommended for anyone with a family history of diabetes and those who are overweight or have high blood pressure. It is also recommended for pregnant women at risk of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy. The test is generally performed every three years for those without any risk factors, although more frequent testing may be necessary depending on your doctor's recommendation.

Doctors recommend getting glucose plasma tests for those with lifestyle issues such as:

-People who smoke,
-Lead an inactive lifestyle,
-Eat a diet high in processed foods and sugars

Furthermore, people over 45 years of age and those with a personal or family history of heart disease should also consider getting tested for glucose levels.

Purpose of the Glucose Fasting Test

The primary purpose of the FBS test is to measure the amount of glucose in your blood after you've fasted for at least 8-10 hours.

This test helps:

• Screen for prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes
• Detect abnormal blood sugar levels early, even when no symptoms are present
• Monitor blood sugar control in people already diagnosed with diabetes
• Provide a baseline measure of your blood sugar when it’s expected to be at its lowest—after fasting

By identifying elevated fasting blood sugar levels, the glucose fasting test enables timely interventions to manage the condition and prevent complications.

What Is The Normal Glucose Fasting Test Range?

The normal fasting blood sugar test range falls between 70-99 mg/dL. Here's how doctors interpret the results:

If your FBS Test results show levels of 100–125 mg/dL, it indicates higher than normal blood glucose, but not high enough to diagnose diabetes—this range suggests prediabetes. A level of 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate tests usually confirms diabetes.

What Does the Glucose Fasting Test Indicate?

The glucose fasting test provides crucial information about your blood sugar status:

• Whether your fasting blood glucose falls within the normal range
• If you have prediabetes, a warning sign for developing type 2 diabetes
• The presence of diabetes if glucose levels are consistently high
• How well blood sugar is managed in people with known diabetes

Additionally, the FBS test is part of screening for gestational diabetes during pregnancy. The results guide further diagnostic testing, lifestyle modifications, and treatment plans to control blood sugar and prevent related health problems.

Procedure for a Glucose Fasting Blood Test

Taking the FBS test involves a few simple steps:

1. Fast for 8-10 hours before the test, consuming only water
2. Visit the healthcare facility where your blood sample will be drawn
3. A healthcare professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm
4. The blood sample is sent to a lab for analysis
5. You can return to your normal diet and routine after the test, unless your doctor advises otherwise

The process is quick and minimally invasive. Results are usually available within a day or two.

Risks Associated With The FBS Test

The FBS test is safe and minimally invasive. The most common side effects are slight bruising or discomfort at the blood draw site. Rarely, people may feel lightheaded or dizzy during the test. The risk of infection is extremely low when proper procedures are followed. However, if you have certain health conditions like diabetes, your doctor will guide you on how to fast safely to avoid complications.

What Factors Can Affect the Blood Sugar Test Results?

Several factors can influence your FBS test report, including:

• Eating or drinking anything other than water before the test
• Stress or illness, which can temporarily raise blood sugar
• Certain medications, such as steroids or diuretics
• Intense physical activity just before the test
• Inaccurate timing of the fasting period
• Alcohol consumption before the test
• Medical conditions like infections or hormonal disorders

To ensure accurate results, it's crucial to follow your doctor's instructions for fasting and test preparation.