ECG Test (Electrocardiogram)

An ECG (electrocardiogram) test is a quick, painless, and non-invasive procedure that records the heart's electrical activity through electrodes placed on the skin. This test allows healthcare professionals to evaluate the heart's rhythm, detect irregularities, and identify various cardiac conditions. It is commonly used as an initial screening tool and plays a crucial role in diagnosing heart disease and monitoring heart health.

What is the ECG Test?

An ECG (electrocardiogram) test measures the electrical signals produced during the heart's beating cycle by attaching small electrodes to the skin on the chest, arms, and legs. Each heartbeat generates tiny electrical impulses that travel through the heart, causing it to contract and pump blood. The ECG machine records these signals, displaying them as wavy lines on a graph, which doctors use to assess heart function and detect abnormalities.

The standard ECG is known as the 12-lead ECG, which typically uses ten electrodes (four limb electrodes and six chest electrodes) to record the heart's electrical activity from twelve perspectives. This comprehensive view helps identify issues with heart rate, rhythm, chamber size, and the presence of past or ongoing heart damage, such as from a heart attack or reduced blood flow (ischaemia).

ECG tests are simple, safe, and widely used in hospitals and clinics. Portable or wearable ECG devices can also record rhythm strips, though these may not be as comprehensive as a 12-lead ECG. They do not deliver any electrical current to the body and cause no discomfort beyond minor skin irritation from the adhesive pads. Results are interpreted by trained professionals to guide diagnosis and ongoing management of cardiovascular health.

What is an ECG Test Used For?

An ECG test is used for:

• Detecting abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
• Diagnosing heart attacks (myocardial infarction)
• Evaluating poor blood flow (ischemia) to the heart
• Identifying heart chamber enlargement or thickening
• Monitoring effects of medications
• Checking overall heart health before surgery or as part of routine exams

What are the Parameters tested under ECG Test?

An ECG test is a simple, non-invasive test that measures the electrical activity of your heart. By analysing this electrical activity, healthcare providers can gain crucial insights into how well your heart is functioning and detect potential issues. During an ECG test, several key parameters are assessed, each contributing valuable information about your heart’s health. Here's a breakdown of what is typically measured during the test:

• Heart Rate: The number of times your heart beats per minute, normally between 60 and 100 beats per minute. Abnormal heart rates can indicate underlying issues.
• Heart Rhythm: The timing and pattern of your heartbeats. Irregular rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation or flutter, can be identified.
• Electrical Activity: The timing and strength of the electrical impulses as they travel through your heart. Changes can suggest damage, past heart attacks, or other conditions.
• Heart Chamber Size and Position: The ECG test can provide clues about enlarged hearts, congenital defects, and structural changes.Blood and Oxygen Supply: During chest pain, an ECG test can help determine if reduced blood flow to the heart is the cause.